Hydrophilic Transformation of Nonwoven Fabrics

Hydrophilic transformation of nonwoven fabrics involves modifying the surface properties of the fabric to make it more absorbent and water-attracting. This process is commonly used in the production of disposable hygiene products, medical textiles, and filtration materials. Here's an overview of how hydrophilic transformation is typically achieved:

Chemical Treatment:

One common method involves applying hydrophilic chemicals or surfactants to the surface of the nonwoven fabric. These chemicals can include hydrophilic polymers such as polyethylene glycol (PEG), polyvinyl alcohol (PVA), or acrylic acid derivatives. The treatment is usually applied by padding, spraying, or coating the fabric with a solution containing the hydrophilic agent.

Crosslinking Agents:

Crosslinking agents are sometimes used in conjunction with hydrophilic chemicals to improve the durability and wash resistance of the treatment. Crosslinking agents help bond the hydrophilic polymer to the fibers of the nonwoven fabric, enhancing its permanence and effectiveness.

Heat Treatment:

Heat can be applied to the treated fabric to help activate and set the hydrophilic treatment. Heat treatment can also improve the bonding of the hydrophilic agents to the fabric surface, enhancing the durability of the treatment.

Mechanical Methods:

Mechanical methods, such as calendering or embossing, can be used to physically alter the surface structure of the nonwoven fabric, making it more porous and enhancing its hydrophilic properties. These methods can also help improve the wicking ability of the fabric, allowing liquids to spread more evenly across its surface.

Plasma Treatment:

Plasma treatment is an advanced surface modification technique that can be used to enhance the hydrophilicity of nonwoven fabrics. Plasma treatment involves exposing the fabric to a low-pressure plasma containing reactive gases, which can modify the surface chemistry of the fabric and increase its water-attracting properties.

Biological Methods:

Enzymatic treatments or bio-based additives can also be used to modify the surface properties of nonwoven fabrics. Biological methods offer a more environmentally friendly approach to hydrophilic transformation, as they can utilize renewable resources and biodegradable materials.

Overall, the hydrophilic transformation of nonwoven fabrics plays a crucial role in improving the performance and functionality of various products, ranging from disposable diapers and sanitary pads to medical dressings and filtration membranes. By enhancing the water absorption and fluid management capabilities of nonwoven fabrics, hydrophilic treatments contribute to the comfort, safety, and effectiveness of these materials in diverse applications.